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Justice-Involved Women

Guest edited by Prof. Dr. Tomer Einat (Department of Criminology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel)

This thematic series explores the board range of issues of women involved in the justice system, whether incarcerated or in the community. Justice-involved women have more extensive histories of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse than the general population. Childhood and adolescence life experiences affect the various physical, emotional, and mental health deficits that increase sexual risk behaviors, drug addiction, psychiatric disorders, self-harm, and poor employment patterns. Incarceration in jails or prisons and e-incarceration (community correction programs that emulate “prisons without walls”) intensify these harmful effects due to persistent surveillance, suppression of individuality and noted pains of imprisonment and justice-control.  Women are a growing number of justice-involved individuals and too little attention has been given to their life experiences.
The series includes empirical papers, systematic reviews, evidence-based policy papers, and research notes that examine the following issues:

  • The relationship between abuse and victimization of childhood and adolescence experiences on mental, and physical health, and antisocial and delinquent behaviour(s) during adulthood; 
  • Studies on improved assessment, screening and treatment of justice-involved women that adequately measure the various mental, emotional or mental health problem in a myriad of justice settings;
  • Studies on treatment interventions of women to prepare women to be productive, crime-free citizens 
  • Evaluation of the organizational and professional difficulties related to the delivery of appropriate and adequate behavioural health and other-related services to justice-involved women


  1. The role of rapid testing has proven vital in reducing infection incidence in communities through swift identification and isolation of infected individuals. The COVID-19 pandemic has been particularly catastr...

    Authors: Benjamin L. Sievers, James Klotzle and Tipu V. Khan
    Citation: Health & Justice 2022 10:10
  2. Women make up 5% of the European prison population on average. Almost invisible in prison and health research, and suffering the stigma associated with female offending, incarcerated women are often forgotten,...

    Authors: Aurélie Augsburger, Céline Neri, Patrick Bodenmann, Bruno Gravier, Véronique Jaquier and Carole Clair
    Citation: Health & Justice 2022 10:8
  3. Women under community supervision in the U.S. experience high rates of substance use and HIV/STDs and face multiple barriers to healthcare services. Informal social support, provided by family, friends, and ot...

    Authors: Karli R. Hochstatter, Melissa N. Slavin, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn Goddard-Eckrich and Nabila El-Bassel
    Citation: Health & Justice 2022 10:6
  4. Incarcerated women have a higher prevalence of health problems than the general population; however, little is known about their perspectives on the healthcare they receive. Here, we conducted semi-structured ...

    Authors: Whitney K. Norris, M. Kathryn Allison, Marley F. Fradley and Melissa J. Zielinski
    Citation: Health & Justice 2022 10:4
  5. The rising rates of women in prison is a serious public health issue. Unlike men, women in prison are characterised by significant histories of trauma, poor mental health, and high rates of substance use disor...

    Authors: Layla Edwards, Sacha Kendall Jamieson, Julia Bowman, Sungwon Chang, Josie Newton and Elizabeth Sullivan
    Citation: Health & Justice 2022 10:1
  6. Women in prison are a vulnerable group, often with a history of abuse, out-of-home care, mental health problems and unemployment. Many are mothers when they become involved in the criminal justice system and t...

    Authors: Erica Breuer, Marc Remond, Stacey Lighton, Jane Passalaqua, Jennifer Galouzis, Kelly-Anne Stewart and Elizabeth Sullivan
    Citation: Health & Justice 2021 9:31
  7. Women on community supervision who inject drugs have significant unmet healthcare needs. However, it remains unclear how the intersection of community supervision and injection drug use influences healthcare e...

    Authors: Ariel Hoadley, Sarah Bauerle Bass, Jesse Brujaha, Paul A. D’Avanzo and Patrick J. Kelly
    Citation: Health & Justice 2021 9:10
  8. Sex trafficking is a public health and social justice issue that has traditionally been addressed with criminal justice solutions. Because many sex trafficking survivors are incarcerated for crimes related to ...

    Authors: Mekeila C. Cook, Ryan D. Talbert and Breanna Thomas
    Citation: Health & Justice 2021 9:1

    The Correction to this article has been published in Health & Justice 2022 10:17

  9. Women with a history of incarceration are often engaged in highly gendered work, either sex work or low-wage care/service work jobs. While employment is an important element of reentry plans, low-wage jobs may...

    Authors: Sage J. Kim and Caryn Peterson
    Citation: Health & Justice 2020 8:23
  10. Drug overdose is the leading cause of death after release from prison, and this risk is significantly higher among women compared to men. Within the first 2 weeks after release, the risk of death from drug ove...

    Authors: Elizabeth Needham Waddell, Robin Baker, Daniel M. Hartung, Christi J. Hildebran, Thuan Nguyen, Deza’Rae M. Collins, Jessica E. Larsen and Erin Stack
    Citation: Health & Justice 2020 8:18
  11. In response to the dramatic increase in the number of women incarcerated in the United States—and a growing awareness that a small proportion of women enter prison pregnant and have unique health needs—some pr...

    Authors: Virginia Pendleton, Jennifer B. Saunders and Rebecca Shlafer
    Citation: Health & Justice 2020 8:1
  12. Therapeutic diversion courts seek to address justice-involved participants’ underlying problems leading to their legal system involvement, including substance use disorder, psychiatric illness, and intimate pa...

    Authors: Diane S. Morse, Jennifer Silverstein, Katherine Thomas, Precious Bedel and Catherine Cerulli
    Citation: Health & Justice 2015 3:12
  13. Despite the high rates of unintended and complicated pregnancy among women who have spent time in prison, little is known about their use of prescribed contraceptives post-prison release. We used a routinely-c...

    Authors: Georgina Sutherland, Megan Carroll, Nick Lennox and Stuart Kinner
    Citation: Health & Justice 2015 3:8
  14. Individuals recently released from prison engage in risky behaviors that predispose them to contracting HIV. Women may be at increased risk in the immediate period post-release, given higher rates of poverty, ...

    Authors: Gefei A Zhu, Nathan Birnbaum, Amy Carroll-Scott, Linda Evans, Lynn E Fiellin and Emily A Wang
    Citation: Health & Justice 2015 3:6
  15. Based upon therapeutic justice principles, mental health courts use legal leverage to improve access and compliance to treatment for defendants who are mentally ill. Justice-involved women have a higher preval...

    Authors: Catherine L Kothari, Robert Butkiewicz, Emily R Williams, Caron Jacobson, Diane S Morse and Catherine Cerulli
    Citation: Health & Justice 2014 2:12